Sub Themes

1. 1.1

   Sub-theme 1.1: Climate-Smart Agriculture, Soil Health & Carbon Management

   • Soil organic carbon sequestration, bio-char applications, and conservation agriculture.
   • Reduced-emission livestock systems, enteric fermentation mitigation, and methane capture
   • Carbon footprint assessment and low-carbon practices in agriculture, horticulture, livestock, and fisheries
   • Agroforestry, silvopastoral systems, mangrove restoration, and blue carbon conservation
   • Restoration of degraded agricultural, horticultural, pasture, forest, and aquatic ecosystems
2. 1.2

   Sub-theme 1.2: Biodiversity Conservation, Agroecology & Ecosystem Services

   • Enhancing agrobiodiversity, ecosystem services, and pollinator health
   • Traditional intercropping, mixed cropping, cover cropping, and integrated farming systems
   • Conservation of crop wild relatives, landraces, indigenous varieties, livestock breeds, and fish genetic resources
   • Biodiversity conservation in inland, marine, coastal, and aquatic ecosystems
3. 1.3

   Sub-theme 1.3: Climate-Resilient Varieties, Breeds, Strains & Genetic Resource Management

   • Traditional and modern breeding for heat/drought/flood/salinity-tolerant varieties
   • Marker-assisted breeding, genomic selection, and gene-editing for climate-resilient traits
   • Climate-resilient livestock breeds and fish strains with disease resistance and improved productivity
   • Conservation of indigenous genetic resources through cryopreservation, sperm/embryo banks, and gene banking
   • Participatory breeding with farming, pastoral, and fishing communities; seed sovereignty and community seed banks
4. 1.4

   Sub-theme 1.4: Integrated Input Management for Sustainable Agricultural Production

   • Precision nutrient application; organic manures, bio-fertilizers, green manures, crop residues; slow-release , coated , and nano-fertilizers; fertigation; soil health .
   • water use efficiency; AI-driven and sensor-based irrigation; water-saving technologies; groundwater recharge, wastewater recycling, rainwater harvesting.
   • Crop-livestock-fish integration; integrated nutrient-water-pest-weed management; residue management, conservation agriculture, agroforestry; growth regulators, plant hormones, anti-- transparents, hydrogels, superabsorbent polymers.
   • Adoption constraints, economic analysis; extension strategies; institutional mechanisms for input delivery and quality assurance; policies.
5. 1.5

   Sub-theme 1.5: Disaster Risk Reduction, Early Warning Systems & Ecological Resilience

   • Hyper-local weather forecasting, agro-meteorological advisory, and early warning systems
   • Satellite and drone based monitoring for crop, forest, livestock, and aquatic ecosystem health
   • Parametric insurance, and contingency plans